禽流感病毒在埃及家禽市场的传播动态
Sara H Mahmoud1,2, Mokhtar Gomaa1, Ahmed El Taweel1
1Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Npj viruses
|April 28, 2025
概括
埃及的活鸟市场是禽流感病毒 (AIV) 的热点,对家禽和人类构成风险. 持续监测对于防止AIV传播和新型菌株出现至关重要.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 活鸟市场 (LBMs) 被认为是禽流感病毒 (AIVs) 的重要储库.
- 埃及LBM中养和野生鸟类物种的混合增加了AIV传播和动物传播传播的风险.
- 了解AIV传播动态对于有效的疾病控制和预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查埃及LBMs中的AIVs的流行率和多样性.
- 确定与家禽,野生鸟类和环境中AIVs相关的传播途径和风险因素.
- 为公共卫生干预和监测计划提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从2021年11月到2023年3月,在四个埃及LBM中进行了纵向研究.
- 从家禽,野生鸟类和环境来源 (水,表面,空气) 收集和测试了3971个样本.
- 利用分子方法用于AIV检测和亚型化.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,艾滋病毒感染率为17.4% (692/3971个样本).
- 与野生鸟类 (34.4%) 相比,家禽的AIV流行率更高 (42.2%).
- 在环境样本中检测到AIV,包括水 (30.8%),表面 (17.2%) 和空气 (18.2%).
- 检测到的艾滋病毒亚型包括H5N1,H9N2,H5/H9联合感染和H5N8.
- 时间分析表明,在整个研究期间,AIV阳性率波动.
结论:
- 埃及的LBM藏着各种各样的AIV亚型,在家禽,野生鸟类和环境中显著存在.
- 持续的多部门监督和资源分配对于减轻AIV风险至关重要.
- 需要采取主动措施,以防止新型流感菌株出现,并具有流行病潜力.
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