TGF-β信号与染色体动力学之间的联系采取了意想不到的路径
1Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal.
概括
TGF-β/BMP信号通路对于发育至关重要. 在小鼠中,Tgfbr1的丧失导致外部生殖器形成额外的后肢,揭示了新的染色质重塑作用.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) /骨形态遗传蛋白 (BMP) 信号超级家族调节各种生理和病理过程.
- Tgfbr1 (转化生长因子,β受体1) 是TGF-β信号通路的关键组成部分.
研究的目的:
- 研究Tgfbr1在小鼠胚胎发育中的作用,特别是其对外部生殖器形成的影响.
- 分析在没有Tgfbr1.1的情况下观察到的发育异常背后的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 对具有特定基因淘汰 (Tgfbr1) 的小鼠胚胎进行分析.
- 检查染色质可访问性和监管要素的建立.
- 观察到的染色体重塑与先前已知的TGF-β信号机制的比较.
主要成果:
- 缺少Tgfbr1导致外部生殖器原始转化为后肢的二次组,产生"六腿"小鼠.
- Tgfbr1诱导全球染色体可访问性重塑,建立了不同的监管元素.
- 这些调节元素将下游的形态遗传因素引导到后肢或生殖器发育途径.
结论:
- 这项研究揭示了Tgfbr1在胚胎发育过程中调解的染色质重塑的新型机制.
- 这些发现突出了Tgfbr1诱导的染色质变化和以前理解的TGF-β信号通路之间的显著差异.
- 强调研究生物过程在其本地组织环境中的重要性,以了解复杂的相互作用.
相关概念视频
01:16TGF - β Signaling Pathway
7.2K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.2K
02:33Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
7.3K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
7.3K
02:26NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
7.2K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
7.2K
03:17Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
6.1K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.1K
02:25Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
8.1K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
Writers
The writer...
8.1K
02:35Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression
23.1K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area.
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
23.1K