资源有限国家的12-23个月龄儿童的基础疫苗接种不完全和相关因素:对来自48个国家的近期DHS数据进行空间和多层次回归分析
Mihret Getnet1,2, Melak Jejaw3, Tadele Biresaw Belachew3
1Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Frontiers in public health
|April 29, 2025
概括
在资源有限的国家中,超过一半的儿童没有完整的基本疫苗接种. 空间分析确定了尼日利亚,得,喀麦隆和尼日尔的热点,突出了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 空间流行病学 空间流行病学
- 儿童免疫接种 儿童免疫接种
背景情况:
- 儿童疫苗接种对于全球健康和实现可持续发展目标至关重要.
- 识别服务不足的人群和接入障碍对于提高免疫率至关重要.
- 没有先前的空间分析已经确定在资源有限的环境中不完整的儿童疫苗接种的全球热点.
研究的目的:
- 评估48个资源有限国家的12-23个月龄儿童的基础疫苗接种不足情况.
- 确定地理热点和相关的个人和社区层面的不完全接种疫苗的因素.
主要方法:
- 利用来自48个国家的最新人口和健康调查 (DHS) 数据,其中包括202,029名儿童.
- 使用空间分析 (ArcGIS,SaTScan) 来进行分布,自相对应和热点识别.
- 应用多级逻辑回归来确定与不完全接种疫苗相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 整体疫苗接种不完整率为51%;观察到显著的空间变化 (全球莫兰的I = 0.208,p < 0.001).
- 在尼日利亚,得,喀麦隆和尼日尔发现了热点集群 (RR = 1.38,p < 0.001).
- 重要因素包括母亲的教育,财富指数,ANC访问,居住地和国家收入状况.
结论:
- 在资源有限的国家,不完整的儿童疫苗接种表现出显著的空间差异.
- 个人和社区层面的因素都与疫苗接种差距密切相关.
- 建议优先考虑热点地区和全球卫生组织的合作努力,以扩大疫苗接种范围.
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