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疫情前和期间的过敏反应趋势:COVID-19没有影响过敏反应的频率
A Sangalli1, A Fasiello1, V Pravettoni2
1Allergy and Clinical Immunology Residency, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
European annals of allergy and clinical immunology
|April 29, 2025
概括
在COVID-19大流行期间,过敏反应的频率保持稳定,主要原因是食物过敏. 衰老和某些慢性疗法与过敏反应严重程度的增加有关.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 过敏反应流行病学数据收集具有挑战性.
- 紧急情况部门 (ED) 在2020-2021年冠状病毒疾病2019 (COVID-19) 疫情封锁期间,转诊数量下降.
- 在公共卫生危机期间评估过敏反应趋势至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定COVID-19大流行之前和期间的过敏反应频率.
- 为了确定与过敏反应严重程度相关的危险因素.
- 评估大流行病对过敏反应呈现的影响.
主要方法:
- 从一般ED的临床记录的回顾性分析. 在意大利米兰,意大利.
- 评估2018-2019年 (大流行前) 和2020-2021年 (大流行期间) 的数据.
- 分析包括人口统计数据,并发症,慢性治疗,原因,严重程度和上腺素使用.
主要成果:
- 过敏反应的频率保持稳定,2018-2019年为0.12%,2020-2021年为0.11%.
- 食物 (51-53%) 和药物 (27-33%) 过敏是主要的原因;鸟刺不常见.
- 过敏反应的严重程度与50岁以上的年龄和使用某些慢性疗法 (ARB,β-阻断剂,利尿剂,PPI) 相关.
结论:
- COVID-19 流行病并没有显著影响整体过敏反应的频率.
- 食物过敏仍然是城市环境中过敏的主要原因.
- 老龄化和特定的慢性药物被确定为影响过敏反应严重程度的因素,突出了慢性疾病的作用.
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