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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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RORγt eTACs调解口服耐受性和Treg诱导的作用.

Im-Hong Sun1,2, Anita E Qualls2, Han S Yin2

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

The Journal of experimental medicine
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PubMed
概括

RORγt系细胞,特别是RORγt+气体表达细胞 (R-eTACs),对于口服耐受性至关重要. 这些表达整体蛋白β8的细胞诱导调节性T细胞,以防止对食物抗原产生不必要的免疫反应.

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 口服耐受度 口服耐受度

背景情况:

  • 免疫系统区分病原体和饮食抗原,但机制尚不清楚.
  • 口服耐受性阻止对食物的免疫反应,这对健康至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 在口服耐受性中识别细胞参与者.
  • 研究RORγt系抗原呈现细胞 (APC) 的作用.

主要方法:

  • 血统追踪和单细胞测序.
  • 研究的RORγt系APC种群:ILC3s,RORγt+DCs,以及RORγt+气体表达细胞 (R-eTACs).
  • 评估了R-eTACs,MHCII和整蛋白β8 (Itgb8) 对于口服耐受性的必要性.

主要成果:

  • R-eTACs,而不是ILC3,对于诱导口服耐受性至关重要.
  • R-eTACs,可能是髓质衍生的,独特地表达Itgb8.
  • 在RORγt系细胞上的MHCII和Itgb8是诱导特定于食物的调节性T细胞 (Tregs) 所必需的.
  • 缺少R-eTACs或MHCII/Itgb8删除导致T-卵泡辅助反应和抗体增加.

结论:

  • R-eTACs是口服耐受性的关键调解者.
  • 建议R-eTACs,MHCII和Itgb8作为调节免疫耐受性的新目标.