使用大型语言模型,从公共卫生中的最近气候变化话语中学习
Anna Belova1, Raquel A Silva1, Dylan M Vorndran1
1ICF Inc, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America.
PloS one
|April 29, 2025
概括
自2017年以来,关于公共卫生中的气候变化讨论的数量和多样性都减少了. 该领域需要建立气候行动的能力,认识到这是一个关键的公共卫生问题,需要跨部门解决方案.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
背景情况:
- 公共卫生越来越认识到气候变化的影响和健康不平等.
- 像IPCC和APHA这样的领先组织强调需要采取气候行动.
- 本研究探讨了公共卫生领域气候变化话语的演变.
研究的目的:
- 在公共卫生话语中分析气候变化相关话题的趋势.
- 评估该领域在应对气候危机方面不断变化的作用和能力.
主要方法:
- 来自美国公共卫生协会 (APHA) 年会 (2017-2023) 的近41,000份摘要的分析.
- 利用大型语言模型 (OpenAI GPT-3.5,Claude 3.0 Sonnet) 和专家审查来识别和分类超过1100个气候变化摘要.
- 将摘要分类为21个主题和12个健康结果类别.
主要成果:
- 自2017年以来,APHA会议上气候变化讨论的数量和主题多样性都在下降.
- 大多数讨论的主题包括与热相关的疾病,心理健康影响和媒介传播疾病.
- 较少关注公共卫生角色,劳动力发展,政策和宣传,更多关注健康沟通.
结论:
- 趋势表明需要加强公共卫生能力,以应对气候变化.
- 气候变化是一个关键的公共卫生问题,而不仅仅是环境问题.
- 创新的跨部门解决方案对于公平的气候行动和减少气候相关负担至关重要.
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