在窃听的捕食者中,决策的本体性
Logan S James1,2, M Teague O'Mara1,3,4,5, Justin C Touchon1,6
1Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|April 29, 2025
概括
捕食蝙蝠通过经验学习识别可口的猎物. 幼年蝙蝠最初对有毒的猎物做出反应,但这种避开行为随着年龄的增长而发展,使寻找食物与生存保持一致.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
背景情况:
- 捕食者利用猎物发出的信号来寻找食物,性广告呼叫是窃听捕食者的关键提示.
- 捕食行为的本体性对生存至关重要,但对猎物暗示的发育反应仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究边唇蝙蝠 (Trachops cirrhosus) 对anuran猎物的声学线索的反应的发育变化.
- 为了确定猎物的味觉性和声学特征如何影响幼和成年蝙蝠的食决策.
主要方法:
- 记录和分析了anuran猎物的声学广告呼叫.
- 在现场环境中测量了青少年和成年边唇蝙蝠对这些呼叫的行为反应.
- 蝙蝠的反应与猎物物种,口感和声学特征 (如身体大小) 相关联.
主要成果:
- 成年边缘唇蝙蝠调节了基于猎物可口性线索的食行为.
- 幼年蝙蝠根据口味表现出较少的歧视,对有毒有强烈反应,对口味青的反应较小.
- 这两个年龄组都关注与猎物的体型相关的声学线索,这表明听觉食偏好在发育过程中得到了改进.
结论:
- 边缘唇蝙蝠的猎物回避是通过经验学习的,随着时间的推移,可口性歧视会发展.
- 窃听掠食者的声学偏好与通过发育过程的有利食结果保持一致.
- 这项研究提供了第一个证据,证明发育性可塑性在野生,窃听的捕食者中改进了决策.
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