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鼠类肝炎E病毒对人类的大量溢出负担

Zihao Chen^1,2, Lifeng Wang³, Yongde Zhang⁴

¹State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.

Nature communications

|April 29, 2025

概括

小鼠肝炎E病毒 (小鼠HEV) 构成了严重的公共卫生威胁. 一种新的DARE方法显示,大鼠在生物多样性热点中的HEV暴露率更高,这表明溢出风险很大.

科学领域:

动物传播疾病是动物传播疾病.
公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

在人类中出现的罗卡赫佩病毒老鼠基因型1 (老鼠肝炎E病毒;老鼠HEV) 是越来越令人担忧的.
了解大鼠HEV传播给人类的风险对于公共卫生至关重要.
生物多样性热点可能为动物传播疾病监测带来独特的挑战.

研究的目的:

开发和验证一种用于区分暴露于大鼠HEV的方法.
评估大鼠HEV暴露在中国不同地理区域的流行率和风险.
为了确定从老鼠到人类的潜在溢出事件.

主要方法:

开发区分抗体反应诱导 (DARE) 方法来检测大鼠HEV暴露.
在中国云南 (生物多样性热点) 和江苏 (控制区域) 省的四个研究集中进行了大规模的人口分析.
热点和非热点地区之间的老鼠HEV暴露率的比较.

主要成果:

达尔方法有效地区分了大鼠的HEV暴露.
与江苏 (0.75%) 相比,云南 (21.97%和13.97%) 的老鼠HEV暴露风险显著更高.
鉴定了六例大鼠HEV的人类溢出感染,其中一个病例显示ALT水平异常. 鼠-1d菌株与人类分离物密切相关.

结论:

像云南这样的生物多样性热点显示出大量的老鼠HEV溢出负担.
达尔方法是对老鼠HEV和潜在的公共卫生紧急情况的积极监测的一个有价值的工具.
在高风险地区进行有针对性的监测对于减轻动物传染病威胁至关重要.

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