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Updated: May 9, 2025

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每天降雨的变化控制全球热带和亚热带地区的潮湿热浪

Lawrence S Jackson¹, Cathryn E Birch², Guillaume Chagnaud³

¹School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. l.s.jackson@leeds.ac.uk.

Nature communications

|April 29, 2025

概括

极端潮湿的热浪对健康构成风险,特别是在热带地区. 最近的降雨,受陆地表面条件的影响,是影响热浪发生和强度的关键驱动因素. 了解这些因素可以改善预警系统.

科学领域:

气候学气候学气候学
环境健康环境健康
气象学天气学

背景情况:

潮湿的热浪对人类和动物健康构成重大和日益严重的威胁,特别是在热带和亚热带地区.
现有的研究主要集中在干热温度热浪上,这就极端潮湿热事件的气象驱动因素留下了关键的知识差距.
热应激对健康的影响是复杂的,受当地适应和对绝对和异常温度和湿度极端的脆弱性的影响.

研究的目的:

研究热带和亚热带地区极端潮湿的热浪的气象驱动因素.
了解最近的降雨和土地表面条件如何影响潮湿热浪的发生和特征.
为改善潮湿热浪事件的早期预警系统的开发提供信息.

主要方法:

分析最近的降雨模式及其与潮湿热浪发生的相关性.
检查陆地表面能量和湿度有限状态在调节降雨对热浪影响中的作用.
利用来自卫星的降雨量和表面湿度数据进行预测洞察.

主要成果:

最近的降雨被认为是热带和亚热带地区潮湿热浪发生的主要控制因素.
降雨的影响受到陆地表面状况的调节:热浪随着湿度有限的地区的降雨增加,以及能源有限的地区的降雨抑制.
与热应激相关的健康风险因当地环境条件和适应能力而异.

结论:

潮湿热浪的发生与最近的降雨密切相关,这种关系取决于陆地表面的特征.
预测潮湿的热浪可能是可行的,使用卫星数据降雨和表面湿度.
对潮湿热浪驱动因素的更好理解可以显著改善公共卫生早期预警系统,并减少对极端天气事件的脆弱性.

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