人类的土地使用和非本地鱼类种类通过改变社区规模结构来侵蚀生态系统服务
Dieison A Moi1, Victor S Saito2, Bárbara A Quirino3
1Laboratório de Interações Multitróficas e Biodiversidade, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. dieisonparoquial@gmail.com.
Nature ecology & evolution
|April 29, 2025
概括
人类的土地利用通过减少本地鱼类生物量和有利于入侵物种,对水生生态系统产生负面影响,导致21年来渔业潜力的显著下降.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 渔业 科学 渔业 科学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 生物体的大小是影响生态系统服务的关键因素.
- 人类的压力,包括土地使用和生物侵袭,显著改变了生态社区的规模结构.
- 这些压力对社区规模结构和生态系统服务的互动效应尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类土地使用和生物侵袭如何相互作用,影响社区规模结构和生态系统服务.
- 分析上巴拉纳河洪水平原鱼类大小谱和渔业潜力的长期变化.
- 了解土地利用,本地物种减少和生态系统服务损害之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 对21年来鱼类大小谱数据的分析.
- 评估渔业潜力,包括货币价值.
- 土地利用变化与原生和非原生物种大小结构的变化之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 本地鱼类物种的大小谱指数变得更为负,表明大个体相对于小个体的减少.
- 非本地物种的尺寸谱指数变得不那么负面,这是由较大个体的增加所驱动的.
- 在研究期间,渔业潜力下降了50%以上.
- 人类增加土地使用导致自然环境和本土物种丰富度减少.
- 这些变化间接减少了本地大小谱指数和渔业潜力.
结论:
- 人类土地使用的强化改变了水生动物群体的大小结构.
- 这些变化有利于非本地物种而不是本地物种.
- 观察到的变化大大抑制了重要的生态系统服务,如渔业潜力.
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