基于全基因组分析,剖析中国PRRSV-1的遗传多样性和进化趋势
Bangjun Gong1, Hu Xu1, Qi Sun1
1State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin 150001China.
Transboundary and emerging diseases
|April 30, 2025
概括
猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒1型 (PRRSV-1) 正在中国蔓延. 这项研究特征了24个PRRSV-1基因组,确定了BJEU06-1-Like菌株为主导的,并揭示了广泛的重组事件.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征 (PRRS) 是全球猪生产的重大威胁.
- 猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒1型 (PRRSV-1) 越来越多地被检测到并在全球分布.
- 在中国,PRRSV-1的基因组表征仍然不完整.
研究的目的:
- 对在中国流传的PRRSV-1菌株进行全面的全基因组分析.
- 了解该地区PRRSV-1的遗传多样性,进化动态和重组模式.
- 确定中国猪群中PRRSV-1演变的主导菌株和潜在驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 来自中国养猪场的24个PRRSV-1分离物的全基因组测序和组合.
- 使用完整基因组和ORF5序列进行了家族遗传学分析.
- 对比基因组分析,包括Nsp2中的氨基酸缺失,再组合分析和阳性选择分析.
- 进化速率和时间到最近的共同祖先 (tMRCA) 的估计.
主要成果:
- 来自中国的PRRSV-1菌株属于西欧亚型I,形成七个不同的亚组.
- 类似于BJEU06-1的PRRSV菌株是流行的主要菌株.
- 观察到显著的遗传多样性,在许多隔离物中具有较低的对相似性.
- 对于不同的子组,在NSP2中确定了特定的氨基酸删除模式.
- 检测到涉及BJEU06-1-Like和NMEU09-1-Like菌株的广泛重组事件.
- 确定了15个被积极选择的编码子,其中5个属于BJEU06-1-Like子组.
- 估计的平均进化速率为4.11 × 10−3个替代/地点/年,tMRCA为1,969.63.
结论:
- 基因组表征为PRRSV-1在中国的多样性和演变提供了关键的见解.
- BJEU06-1-Like菌株的占主导地位凸显了有针对性的监测的必要性.
- 了解重组和积极选择对于预测未来的病毒演变和告知控制策略至关重要.
- 加强以PRRSV-1为重点的流行病学调查,特别是BJEU06-1-Like菌株,对于中国的PRRS管理至关重要.
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