西班牙北部牛野猪界面的结核流行病学和空间生态学
Gloria Herrero-García1, Pelayo Acevedo2, Pablo Quirós3
1Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León 24071, Spain.
Transboundary and emerging diseases
|April 30, 2025
概括
野猪可能导致西班牙北部的结核病 (TB) 再现. 在野猪中发现的结核病发病率高于牛,共享的Mycobacterium bovis菌株和重叠的息地表明传播潜力.
科学领域:
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
- 动物传染病监测监测动物传染病.
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是野生动物的担忧,影响了畜牧业的根除工作.
- 欧洲大被怀疑是西班牙北部的结核病水库.
- 野猪 (Sus scrofa) 的存在和对结核病传播的潜在作用需要调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估野猪对西班牙北部阿斯图里亚斯地区结核病复发的贡献.
- 为了比较牛群和野猪群的结核病发病率.
- 调查牛和野猪之间息地使用的潜在空间和时间重叠.
主要方法:
- 对牛和野猪 (2014-2020) 结核病流行数据的分析.
- 在西班牙阿斯图里亚斯省对结核病热点的调查.
- 牛和野猪的GPS跟踪以确定范围行为和息地使用.
主要成果:
- 与牛相比,结核病患病率在野猪中明显高 (3.15%总体,5.23-5.96%在热点地区) (0.14%总体,0.13-0.41%在热点地区).
- 受感染的牛和野猪共享了相同的Mycobacterium bovis菌株.
- 观察到息地使用的时空重叠,特别是在黎明和黄昏的牧场周围.
结论:
- 在西班牙北部,野猪可能是结核病的重要宿主,与牛和大一起.
- 增加宿主丰富度,包括野猪,可以提高结核病传播风险.
- 在该地区的结核病监测和根除战略中,应考虑野生猪.
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