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Structure of Blood Vessels01:15

Structure of Blood Vessels

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Blood is circulated throughout the human body through a network of blood vessels called the circulatory system. This system includes arteries that transport blood from the heart to various body parts. These arterial pathways divide into smaller vessels until they reach the arterioles, which further split into capillaries. It is within these minuscule capillaries that the exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place. After this exchange, the blood is collected by venules, which fuse to...
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Anatomy of the Circulatory System02:03

Anatomy of the Circulatory System

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The human circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, around the body, and back to the heart, and the heart itself, which acts as a central pump. The systemic circuit supplies blood to the whole body, the coronary circuit supplies blood to the heart, and the pulmonary circuit supplies blood flow between the heart and lungs.
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Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

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The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
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Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

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The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
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Overview of Blood Vessels01:14

Overview of Blood Vessels

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The human cardiovascular system comprises five primary types of blood vessels: arteries, arterioles, veins, venules, and capillaries, each serving unique functions.
Arteries and Arterioles: Arteries are muscular and elastic vessels that primarily carry oxygenated blood from the heart to body tissues, except for the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood. They have thick walls to withstand high pressure and contain a layer of muscle tissue, allowing them to expand or contract as...
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Arteries and Arterioles01:16

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Arteries, the vasculature responsible for transporting blood from the heart, possess robust walls capable of enduring the elevated pressures exerted by the heartbeat. Arteries near the heart are especially thick-walled and enriched with elastic fibers across their three tunics, classifying them as elastic or conducting arteries. These arteries, usually with a diameter exceeding 10 mm, are characterized by their ability to dilate in response to the blood pumped from the heart's ventricles...
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长时间太空飞行后几年的动脉结构和功能.

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  • 1KBR, Houston, Texas, United States.

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概括

长时间的太空飞行并没有导致宇航员在任务后五年内持续的心血管变化. 研究表明,在太空旅行后,动脉结构或功能没有显著差异,这表明宇航员的心血管健康良好.

关键词:
心血管疾病心血管疾病动脉内心介质的厚度 动脉内心介质的厚度通过流体介导的血管扩张.这是一种炎症炎症炎症炎症.氧化应激是一种氧化应激.

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科学领域:

  • 心血管生理学心血管生理学
  • 太空医学 太空医学
  • 宇航员健康 宇航员健康

背景情况:

  • 太空飞行带来氧化应激和炎症的风险,可能加速心血管疾病.
  • 了解太空任务对心血管的长期影响对于宇航员健康至关重要.
  • 以前的研究集中在飞行后立即的心血管状况上.

研究的目的:

  • 为了确定长期太空飞行 (>4个月) 是否在着陆后的几年内诱导心血管和手臂动脉的结构和功能变化.
  • 评估宇航员在国际空间站 (ISS) 任务后的长期心血管健康状况.

主要方法:

  • 在13名国际空间站宇航员飞行前和飞行后5年内测量了常见动脉 (CCA) 内心介质厚度 (cIMT),延伸能力和硬度.
  • 评估手臂动脉在飞行前和飞行后的内皮依赖和独立的血管扩张.
  • 从NASA档案中检查了宇航员心血管参数的健康记录.

主要成果:

  • 与降落后5年之前的飞行前测量相比,在飞行后cIMT,CCA刚性,延展性或臂动脉血管扩张方面没有发现显著差异.
  • 在研究的宇航员队伍中,在飞行后的5年内没有记录新诊断的心血管疾病.
  • 氧化应激和炎症的生物标志物显示着陆后的动态变化,但可能不反映长期健康后果.

结论:

  • 在国际空间站长期太空飞行并没有导致在飞行后5年内阴道和手臂动脉的不利结构或功能变化.
  • 在太空任务后的几年里,宇航员没有表现出动脉壁厚度,硬度或内皮功能障碍的增加.
  • 持续的长期监测对于评估终身心血管风险至关重要,特别是在未来的深空任务中.