Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

54
In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective. 
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant...
54
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

3.4K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
3.4K
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

18.2K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
18.2K
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

12.8K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.8K
Cause and Effect01:53

Cause and Effect

10.8K
While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
10.8K
Problem-Solving01:29

Problem-Solving

79
Effective problem-solving consists of two steps: 1. identifying the problem and 2. selecting the appropriate problem-solving strategy (i.e., a plan of action used to find a solution). Humans use four problem-solving strategies:
79

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Quantifying uncert-AI-nty: Testing the accuracy of LLMs' confidence judgments.

Memory & cognition·2025
Same author

Thinking outside the box means thinking outside the search engine.

Memory & cognition·2025
Same author

The latent scope bias: Robust and replicable.

Cognition·2024
Same author

Parental rights or parental wrongs: Parents' metacognitive knowledge of the factors that influence their school choice decisions.

PloS one·2024
Same author

Creating a Bot-tleneck for malicious AI: Psychological methods for bot detection.

Behavior research methods·2024
Same author

Visual numerosity perception shows no advantage in real-world scenes compared to artificial displays.

Cognition·2022
Same journal

Thymidylate synthase inhibitory drugs induce p53-dependent pathways differently.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Top-down and bottom-up attention for joint pattern classification and reconstruction.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Short- and long-term scaling behavior of blood pressure and pulse arrival time during sleep in healthy controls and patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Double DQN-based secrecy energy efficiency and fairness performance in IRS-assisted NOMA systems with friendly jamming.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

10 recommendations for strengthening citizen science for improved societal and ecological outcomes: A co-produced analysis of challenges and opportunities in the 21st century.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Paying in public: Peer effects, impression management, and willingness to pay on digital payment platforms.

PloS one·2026
查看所有相关文章

相关实验视频

Updated: May 9, 2025

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection
07:04

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection

Published on: March 10, 2021

3.8K

副作用可能包括: 后果 忽视生成解决方案的后果

Christopher Rodriguez1, Daniel M Oppenheimer1

  • 1Department of Social & Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.

PloS one
|April 30, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

解决问题的人往往会忽视因焦点主义而导致的负面后果,这是一种认知偏见. 这种"忽视后果"意味着除非明确考虑,否则会忽视意外结果,影响战略和政策.

更多相关视频

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

3.8K
Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street
14:55

Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street

Published on: January 20, 2023

3.2K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 9, 2025

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection
07:04

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection

Published on: March 10, 2021

3.8K
Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

3.8K
Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street
14:55

Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street

Published on: January 20, 2023

3.2K

科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 决策科学 决策科学
  • 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.

背景情况:

  • 策略往往会产生意想不到的负面后果.
  • 这些可预见的结果在战略制定和评估过程中经常被忽视.
  • 这种忽视源于认知偏见,而不是知识缺陷.

研究的目的:

  • 介绍并定义"后果忽视",一种认知偏见.
  • 解释焦点主义如何有助于忽视下游效应.
  • 提供经验证据证明存在后果忽视.

主要方法:

  • 进行了四项实证研究.
  • 参与者对策略进行了评估,一些人被要求考虑积极和消极的后果.
  • 收集行为数据以评估战略评估和后果生成.

主要成果:

  • 当被要求考虑负面结果时,个人对策略的评价更为负面.
  • 这表明,负面影响在决策中并没有固有的权重.
  • 对负面结果的明确关注会影响战略的认知.

结论:

  • 后果疏忽是一种影响问题解决的显著认知偏见.
  • 这种偏见对政策制定,商业战略和一般决策产生了广泛的影响.
  • 未来的研究应该探索干预措施,以减轻后果的忽视.