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具有不同水分含量的高湿度大豆蛋白挤出物:质地,结构和体外消化特征
Yiyu Zang1, Rong Yang1, Shurui Wang1
1Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|April 30, 2025
概括
大豆蛋白分离物 (SPI) 的高湿度挤出使其质地变软,提高了消化能力. 较高的水分含量增加了蛋白质对消化的敏感性,这对于植物性肉类替代品至关重要.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 生物材料工程 生物材料工程
- 蛋白质化学 蛋白质化学
背景情况:
- 高湿度挤出 (HME) 是创造植物性肉类类型的关键.
- 对HME的研究通常使用60-65%的湿度;对更高的范围 (70-75%) 知之甚少.
- 了解湿度对大豆蛋白分离物 (SPI) 的影响对于产品开发至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在HME期间变化的水分含量 (55-75%) 对SPI的影响.
- 分析挤出SPI的纹理,结构和消化性质的变化.
- 为优化植物性蛋白质的HME加工提供见解.
主要方法:
- 豆蛋白分离物 (SPI) 用55%,60%,65%,70%和75%的水分水平进行高湿度挤出加工.
- 分析了纹理,质,结构 (通过光谱学的二次结构),水结合 (低场NMR) 和体外消化特性.
- 量化了 anisotropy 指数和β-sheet 的含量.
主要成果:
- 挤出SPI软化与增加的水分含量.
- 在65%的湿度下,发生了最大的异性异性和β-片含量.
- 较高的水分含量将水从受限状态转移到固定状态,增加了对消化的敏感性,减少了消化后的颗粒大小,提高了整体消化能力.
- 挤出减少了β片含量,破坏了蛋白质结构的稳定性,降低了溶解度,但增加了消化能力.
结论:
- 在HME期间,水分含量显著影响SPI的纹理,结构和消化特性.
- 较高的水分水平 (70-75%) 促进了较好的蛋白质消化能力,尽管溶解性降低.
- 结果为改进植物性肉类模拟生产量身定制HME工艺提供了有价值的数据.
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