野生和动物园的猩猩在探索物体的方式上有所不同.
Isabelle B Laumer1, Shubhangi Kansal2, Anais van Cauwenberghe3
1Development and Evolution of Cognition Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany. ilaumer@ab.mpg.de.
Scientific reports
|April 30, 2025
概括
动物园的猩猩表现出比野生猩猩更频繁和多样化的探索性对象操纵 (EOM). 这表明动物园环境增强了猩猩的探索行为,可能提高了认知灵活性.
科学领域:
- 灵长类动物学 灵长类动物学
- 认知伦理学 认知伦理学
- 进化心理学 进化心理学
背景情况:
- 探索性对象操纵 (EOM) 对于人类的认知发展至关重要.
- 动物园的大猿是研究人类认知进化的重要模型.
- 动物园环境对猩猩 (EOM) 的影响仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究野生和动物园的苏门答腊猩猩在他们的一生中每天EOM之间的差异.
- 为了比较两种环境中探索性行动的多样性和曲目.
- 评估动物园环境对猩猩探索潜力的影响.
主要方法:
- 收集了大约12,000个来自51个野生和动物园的各个年龄段的苏门答腊猩猩的EOM事件.
- 观察和分类EOM行为,包括对象探索和工具使用.
- 在野生和被囚禁的个体之间比较EOM率,多样性,剧目和多对象探索.
主要成果:
- 与野生猩猩相比,动物园的猩猩表现出明显更高的EOM率.
- 动物园的探索行动更加多样化,观察到更大的剧目.
- 动物园的猩猩显示出更多的多对象探索的可能性,包括使用工具,无论对象的可用性如何.
结论:
- 动物园环境显著提高了苏门答腊猩猩的EOM,超过了它们的自然表达.
- 囚禁的猩猩可能拥有更广泛的认知能力,因为他们有更多的探索经验.
- 囚禁野生动物的比较为认知发展和进化潜力提供了宝贵的见解.
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