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皮库里斯人口述历史和基因组学揭示了美国西南部的连续性
Thomaz Pinotti1,2, Michael A Adler3, Richard Mermejo4
1Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nature
|April 30, 2025
概括
皮库里斯古镇的DNA分析显示, 在过去的千年里, 这项研究支持原住民的口述历史,并挑战北美西南地区以前的移民理论.
科学领域:
- 种群遗传学
- 古遗传学
- 原住民研究
背景情况:
- 由于历史的低估,土著群体在使用口述历史验证祖先的说法方面面临挑战.
- 古代DNA研究可以补充传统知识,但由于过去的道德问题,他们经常面临土著社区的不信任.
- 最近的研究越来越关注使用遗传数据来增强部落历史和主权.
研究的目的:
- 为了与美国原住民部落Picuris Pueblo合作,
- 解决传统知识的差距,增强对祖先联系的理解.
- 在研究中优先考虑土著对遗传数据的控制.
主要方法:
- 基因组测序16个古老的个人和13个当今的Picuris Pueblo成员.
- 对过去1000年的基因组数据进行分析.
- 将遗传发现与口头传统,考古学和民族学相结合.
主要成果:
- 在古代和现在的皮库里斯人之间证明了遗传连续性.
- 建立了与查科峡谷祖先的更广泛的遗传联系.
- 在欧洲人到来之前没有发现人口下降的证据,在公元1500年之前没有阿塔巴斯克人的祖先,这挑战了以前的移民模式.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了北美西南部的皮库里斯普埃布洛和其他普埃布洛人之间的时空联系.
- 基因组数据支持并增强了Picuris Pueblo的口头传统和历史理解.
- 这项研究是印第安人共同领导的考古遗传学方法的典范,尊重部落主权和知识体系.
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