在细菌中,TIR域产生胺-ADPR作为免疫信号
Dziugas Sabonis1, Carmel Avraham2, Renee B Chang3,4
1Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Nature
|April 30, 2025
概括
细菌利用一种新的免疫信号分子,与ADP-ribose (His-ADPR) 结合的histidine,以防御菌体感染. 这一发现揭示了新的细菌防御机制和信号分子.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学
- 免疫学
- 生物化学
背景情况:
- 托尔/互白素-1受体 (TIR) 域对生物体的模式识别和免疫反应至关重要.
- 在细菌和植物中,TIR域蛋白通常在发现病原体时产生基于核酸的信号分子.
研究的目的:
- 通过II型Thoeris防御系统在细菌中产生独特的信号分子.
- 阐明这种新型信号分子的结构,功能和识别机制.
主要方法:
- 结晶结构的确定与连接的宏域.
- 生物化学测定和突变分析以确认功能.
- 鉴定与信号分子相互作用的菌体蛋白.
主要成果:
- 托埃里斯系统产生与ADP-ribose (His-ADPR) 结合的胺,这是一个新的信号分子.
- 他的ADPR通过结合其C端宏域来激活Thoeris效应器.
- 鉴定出一种新的菌体蛋白质,可以隔离His-ADPR以逃避细菌免疫力.
结论:
- 细菌TIR信号表现出比以前已知的多样性.
- 他的ADPR代表了一类新的免疫信号分子,它结合了核酸和氨基酸成分.
- 菌体已经进化了抵消细菌TIR介导免疫力的机制.
更多相关视频
07:42Fluorescence Assays for the Study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interaction with the Immune Receptor SLAMF1
Published on: February 28, 2025
284
08:44Identification and Characterization of Immunogenic RNA Species in HDM Allergens that Modulate Eosinophilic Lung Inflammation
Published on: May 30, 2020
6.1K
相关概念视频
01:24Adherens Junctions
4.7K
Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
4.7K
01:10Antibody Structure
59.6K
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
59.6K
01:31Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.4K
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
543
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
543
01:09GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
5.4K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
5.4K
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
1.7K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
1.7K