针对低收入和中等收入国家青少年多种形式的营养不良的社区干预措施:范围审查
Marijana Ranisavljev1,2, Adi Lukas Kurniawan3,4, Elisabetta Ferrero5
1Center for Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Public Health Nutrition Division, Belgrade, Serbia.
Nutrition journal
|April 30, 2025
概括
在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 中,以社区为基础的干预措施对青少年营养有希望. 然而,多样化的设计和交付强调了需要综合,评估的方法来改善青少年的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 青少年营养不良是一个重要的全球卫生问题,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 基于社区的干预措施为解决青少年营养问题提供了一个有希望的策略,但需要进一步描述.
- 对于这些干预措施对LMIC青少年营养结果的具体性质和影响的了解有限.
研究的目的:
- 进行一个范围审查,以表征基于社区的青少年营养干预措施在LMICs.
- 总结这些干预措施对青少年营养结果的影响.
- 识别干预设计和实施的差距和改善领域.
主要方法:
- 在MEDLINE,Embase和CENTRAL数据库中系统搜索2000年至2023年间发表的研究.
- 包括随机对照试验和准实验性研究,重点是LMIC社区环境中的青少年 (10-19岁).
- 用于数据分析和证据描述的叙事合成,遵循PRISMA-ScR指南.
主要成果:
- 包括来自27个国家的36项研究的37份记录,包括微量营养素补充,营养教育和多组件方法等干预措施.
- 干预措施主要针对青少年女孩 (57%),仅限于男孩和其他弱势群体.
- 在大多数评估微量营养素补充 (90%),营养教育 (86%) 和多组分干预 (88%) 的研究中报告了积极的营养或与饮食相关的结果.
结论:
- 基于社区的干预措施表明,在LMICs中增强青少年营养状况的潜力.
- 干预设计,交付和实施平台的显著变化需要进一步研究.
- 综合方法和对实施结果 (可接受性,相关性,可行性,有效性,可持续性) 的严格评估至关重要.
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