关于心理治疗治疗PTSD的最新情况
Barbara Olasov Rothbaum1, Laura E Watkins1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta.
The American journal of psychiatry
|May 1, 2025
概括
以创伤为重点的心理治疗是慢性创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 建议的第一线治疗方法. 虽然一些新疗法显示出希望,但基于证据的PTSD治疗仍然是治疗的标准.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 是对创伤的常见反应,少数人发展出需要干预的慢性症状.
- 目前FDA批准的PTSD药物 (塞特拉林,帕洛克) 和组合疗法不是一线治疗.
- 在主要的PTSD指南中,以创伤为重点的心理治疗是唯一被推作为一线治疗的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 审查最先进的PTSD心理治疗方法.
- 讨论它们对临床和神经生物学措施的影响.
- 为了将新兴的治疗方法 (如迷幻辅助心理治疗) 置于背景中.
主要方法:
- 审查目前的PTSD治疗指南 (例如,VA/DoD,APA).
- 基于证据的以创伤为重点的心理治疗方法 (例如,PE,CPT,EMDR) 的摘要.
- 讨论最近的临床试验,包括迷幻药辅助疗法.
主要成果:
- 专注于创伤的心理治疗 (长期暴露,认知处理疗法,EMDR) 始终被推为第一线PTSD治疗.
- 已发表的幻觉辅助心理治疗试验显示了高响应率,尽管往往没有综合的基于证据的心理治疗.
- 人们越来越感兴趣将迷幻药物与成熟的心理治疗方法结合起来.
结论:
- 基于证据的以创伤为重点的心理治疗仍然是治疗慢性PTSD的黄金标准.
- 新兴的迷幻辅助疗法显示出潜力,但需要进一步的研究,特别是与既定治疗相结合.
- 未来的研究应该专注于将新型药物治疗与基于证据的心理治疗相结合,以获得最佳的PTSD结果.
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