美国的心理治疗趋势
Mark Olfson1, Chandler McClellan1, Samuel H Zuvekas1
1Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Olfson, Wall); Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Md. (McClellan, Zuvekas); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Md. (Blanco).
The American journal of psychiatry
|May 1, 2025
概括
2018-2021年,在美国门诊精神卫生保健中,心理治疗的使用量增加了,而仅用药治疗的使用量却下降了. 全国心理治疗支出也增加了,更少的患者去看精神病医生进行治疗.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 心理健康服务 心理健康服务
- 精神病学和心理学 精神病学和心理学
背景情况:
- 门诊精神卫生保健是整体健康的关键组成部分.
- 了解心理健康治疗模式的趋势,如心理治疗和精神药物,对于有效的医疗保健提供至关重要.
- 最近治疗偏好和提供者利用情况的变化需要调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查门诊心理健康护理利用和心理治疗的国家趋势.
- 分析单独使用心理治疗,单独使用心理药物及其组合的变化.
- 为了检查心理治疗的趋势,探访频率,支出和提供者类型.
主要方法:
- 从2018-2021年医疗支出小组调查 (MEPS) 家庭人口中分析服务数据.
- 专注于门诊心理健康访问 (N=17,821) 和心理治疗访问 (N=6,415) 的成年人.
- 用年龄,性别和Kessler-6应急调整的百分比来呈现治疗方式,访问频率,支出和提供者特征的趋势.
主要成果:
- 仅仅使用心理治疗的比例显著增加,从2018年的11.5%增加到2021年的15.4%.
- 在同一时期,单单使用精神药物的比例从67.6%下降到62.1%.
- 每名患者的心理治疗访问量增加,国家支出增加到51亿美元,接受精神病医生心理治疗的患者比例下降.
结论:
- 心理治疗在2018年至2021年期间在门诊心理健康护理中发挥了越来越重要的作用.
- 心理药物单一治疗变得不那么普遍,尽管仍然是最常见的治疗方法.
- 精神病医生提供心理治疗的比例正在下降,这表明需要与非医生心理治疗师进行专业间合作的需求可能会增加.
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