感觉跨文化自我效能:在健康科学学生构建跨文化能力
Debbie Álvarez-Cruces1, Juan Mansilla-Sepúlveda2, Alejandra Nocetti-DE-LA-Barra3
1Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
概括
在健康科学中发展跨文化能力 (ICC) 是至关重要的. 这项研究发现,虽然批判性思维有助于ICC,但依赖科学证据可能会阻碍它,需要对患者护理采取更开放的方法.
科学领域:
- 卫生科学教育健康科学教育
- 跨文化能力研究 跨文化能力研究
- 全球卫生培训 全球卫生培训
背景情况:
- 全球日益增加的移民和健康挑战凸显了跨文化能力 (ICC) 的必要性.
- 在许多国家,发展职业培训中的ICC现有政策是不够的.
- 了解健康科学学生的ICC构造对于有效的患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究在健康科学学生的专业培训中构建跨文化能力 (ICC) 的过程.
- 确定在未来的医疗保健专业人员中开发ICC所涉及的阶段和前体.
- 为制定教育策略提供信息,以促进健康科学中强大的ICC.
主要方法:
- 采用基于理论设计的定性研究.
- 与106名智利三所大学的最后一年健康科学学生进行了半结构面试.
- 数据分析利用常量比较方法和集中编码来开发理论代码和类别.
主要成果:
- 两个核心类别出现了:"感知跨文化自我效能" (一个七阶段的构造) 和"先驱" (内在人格特征,同情心,意志).
- 批判性思维似乎促进了ICC的发展,导致了感知跨文化自我效能.
- 依赖科学证据和代理学习可以阻碍ICC建设.
结论:
- 卫生科学学生需要发展批判性观点,以挑战以民族为中心的患者护理方法.
- 促进"跨文化替代性思维"至关重要,鼓励对超越严格科学证据的多种治疗选择保持开放.
- 教育干预应侧重于培养批判性思维和更广泛地接受替代疗法,以改善患者的治疗结果.
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