研究说话速度对聋子和听力障碍儿童口语处理的影响
Rosanne Abrahamse1,2, Titia Benders1,3, Katherine Demuth1,4
1Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
概括
聋和听力障碍 (DHH) 的儿童表现出比听力同龄人更慢的口语语言处理. 这可能会影响他们的学习和沟通,不管说话速度如何.
科学领域:
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音和语言病理学 语言病理学
背景情况:
- 聋子和听力障碍儿童 (DHH) 在口语语言学习方面经常面临挑战.
- 了解语音处理的细微差别,特别是更快的速度,对于学术和社会发展至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,DHH儿童的听觉处理可能存在困难,但对处理速度和工作记忆的具体影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查听力损失对失聪和听力障碍 (DHH) 的学龄儿童口语处理的影响.
- 为了检查DHH儿童如何比正常听觉的同龄人更快地处理语言.
- 评估DHH儿童工作记忆能力,词汇量和口语处理速度之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 36名7至12岁的DDH儿童和31名正常听力儿童进行了词语检测任务.
- 句子以正常 (4.5个音节/秒) 和快速 (6.1个音节/秒) 的说话速度呈现.
- 记录了目标词检测的响应时间,并评估了工作记忆能力和词汇量.
主要成果:
- 与正常听力同龄人相比,患有DHH的儿童表现出明显较慢的单词检测.
- 两组之间在说话速度对处理速度的影响上没有发现显著差异.
- 与假设相反,更大的工作记忆能力与更慢的处理有关,特别是在较年轻的DHH儿童中,词汇量较小.
结论:
- 患有DHH的儿童有延迟口语语言处理的风险,不论语音速度如何.
- 这些处理延迟可能会阻碍日常环境中的学习和沟通,这往往涉及复杂的听觉条件.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解这些发现对DHH儿童的教育和沟通干预措施的长期影响.
相关概念视频
01:22Language Development
280
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
280
01:27Language and Cognition
287
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
287
01:20Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate
944
Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
944