低级与高级自杀相关的注意力处理措施作为青少年自杀思想和企图的预测指标
Allan Shikh1, Jhovelis Mañaná2, Sarah Myruski3
1Hunter College, City University of New York, NY, USA; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Psychiatry research
|May 1, 2025
概括
通过AFSEQ测量的高阶注意力固定,比较好地预测青少年未来的自杀念头 (SI) 和自杀企图 (SAs),而不是低阶认知任务. 这一发现有助于识别有风险的年轻人.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 认知理论将偏见的注意力与自杀风险联系起来.
- 关于注意力处理和自杀念头 (SI) 和自杀企图 (SAs) 的以前的研究已经产生了混合的结果.
- 在预测自杀风险时,在比较低级和高级的注意力度量方面存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查注意力固定,脱节和语义干扰作为青少年未来SI和SA的预测因素.
- 为了比较高阶 (自我报告) 与低阶 (基于任务) 的注意力指标的预测效用.
- 在高风险的青少年群体中识别强大的自杀风险认知标志物.
主要方法:
- 呈现SI或SA的青少年 (N=135) 完成了注意力固定对自杀经历问卷 (AFSEQ),注意力脱节任务 (ADT) 和自杀Stroop任务.
- 在3个月和12个月的后续评估中,测量了SI严重程度和SA.
- 经过对相关共变量和先前自杀史进行调整后的统计分析.
主要成果:
- 在3个月和12个月的随访中,AFSEQ得分显著预测SI严重程度.
- 在随访时,AFSEQ分数也预测了SA,但在控制SI后,这种关联减弱了.
- 较大的注意力失调困难预测12个月后增加SI严重程度,但在3个月后没有.
结论:
- 自我报告的高阶注意力固定 (AFSEQ) 似乎比低阶认知任务更有效地预测青少年未来与自杀相关的风险.
- 这些发现表明,对注意偏差的主观经验可能对风险评估具有更大的临床实用性.
- 未来的研究应该探索主观和客观认知措施的整合,以全面评估自杀风险.
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