阴道微生物群和早产:一个系统的审查
Margherita Ferrante1, Gea Oliveri Conti1, Eloise Pulvirenti1
1Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy.
概括
怀孕期间阴道微生物群的变化,特别是有益的乳酸菌的减少和某些细菌的增加,如加德内拉菌,与早产风险的增加有关. 这凸显了阴道微生物群在产科结果中的重要性.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 阴道微生物群,一个复杂的微生物生态系统,在维持生殖健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 阴道微生物组合的变化与各种产科并发症有关,包括早产.
- 细菌性阴道炎,以乳酸菌减少为特征,是早产的已知危险因素.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和调查怀孕期间阴道微生物群组成与早产风险之间的联系.
- 确定特定的微生物物种和与不良妊娠结果相关的社区结构.
- 探索潜在的生物标志物和影响因素,与早产和阴道失调有关.
主要方法:
- 在2014年1月至2024年6月期间发表的研究,在Scopus,Web of Science和PubMed进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 总共选了2194篇文章,最终包括在审查中的是14篇完整的研究文章.
- 数据提取的重点是阴道微生物组成,人口因素和早产发病率.
主要成果:
- 发现种族,年龄,物质使用和妊娠年龄等人口统计因素会影响阴道微生物群的组成.
- 乳杆菌crispatus,乳杆菌gasseri和乳杆菌jensenii的减少,以及乳杆菌iners的相对增加,与早产风险的增加有关.
- 增加了Ureaplasma,Mycoplasma和Gardnerella物种的患病率,以及改变的细胞因子配置 (增加IL-1β,IL-6,MIP-1β;降低β-defensin-2),与更高的早产率有关.
结论:
- 怀孕期间阴道微生物群的特定变化与早产风险的增加显著相关.
- 鉴定到的微生物特征和炎症标志物为风险评估和干预提供了潜在的目标.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定因果关系,并制定有效的策略来缓解与阴道失生症相关的早产.
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