香港的抗菌素耐药性情况和控制措施:从一个健康的角度来看
Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng1, Shuk-Ching Wong2, Edmond Siu-Keung Ma3
1Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 是一个主要的威胁,香港的食品动物中耐药性大肠杆菌的高率和老年护理院的MRSA增加. 控制努力有希望,但在食品卫生和医疗保健环境中面临重大挑战.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 多药耐药生物体 (MDROs) 是一个重要的全球公共卫生问题.
- 由于人口密度高,人口老龄化以及对进口食品的依赖,香港面临着独特的挑战.
- 对抗生素耐药性 (AMR) 的监测和控制至关重要,尤其是在"健康一带一路"框架内.
研究的目的:
- 审查香港针对AMR的有针对性的监测和控制战略.
- 分析食品动物,食品和医疗保健机构中抗微生物耐药生物 (ARO) 的趋势.
- 评估干预措施对抗菌素耐药性流行和抗菌素消费的影响.
主要方法:
- 对2010-2023年期间的监测数据进行系统审查.
- 对食用动物,医院和社区的抗微生物消费数据的分析.
- 评估在老年人住院 (RCHE) 实验性甲素耐药黄金葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 脱殖计划.
主要成果:
- 在猪 (51.5%) 和 (86.3%) 中,产生扩展谱β-乳糖酶的大肠杆菌 (ESBL-E. coli) 的高患病率.
- 在猪中越来越多地检测出产生碳酶的大肠杆菌 (高达19.2%),并在各种食品中存在.
- 在脱殖计划后,MRSA感染和RCHEs中的细菌性病例显著减少.
结论:
- 在食品动物中控制ESBL和产生碳酶的大肠杆菌存在相当大的挑战.
- 在RCHEs和医院中遵守食品卫生和感染控制对于缓解MRSA传播至关重要.
- 一个健康的方法对于全面的AMR监测和控制工作至关重要.
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