高强度间歇训练在不同高度的方法和有氧能力的适应在长途跑者:一个全面的元分析
Sisay Fentaw1,2, Tefera Tadesse3, Zerihun Birhanu1
1Sport Academy, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Physiological reports
|May 1, 2025
概括
低氧期的高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 显著提高了远距离跑步者的有氧容量 (VO2max),远远超过在正常氧期的训练. 这一发现为寻求提高表现的耐力运动员和教练提供了宝贵的见解.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 高空训练 高空训练
背景情况:
- 众所周知,高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 可以提高有氧能力.
- 缺氧条件通常用于增强训练适应性.
- 低氧时HIIT对长跑运动员VO2max的综合效应仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析HIIT在不同高度条件下对远距离跑步者的VO2max的影响.
- 为了比较低氧和正常氧HIIT协议之间的VO2最大适应.
主要方法:
- 在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,ProQuest,Europe PMC,ScienceDirect,Cochrane) 进行了全面的文献搜索,直到2024年8月.
- 从1183篇审查文章中,包括了6项研究,使用PEDro规模评估方法质量.
- 使用Jamovi软件进行了元分析,以确定整体效应和识别潜在的调节者.
主要成果:
- 低性HIIT导致VO2最大改善显著增加 (4.4%-13%) 与正常性HIIT (1%-8.3%) 相比.
- 在低氧HIIT中,VO2最大改善的整体标准化平均差异 (SMD) 为0.68 (p < 0.001).
- 没有观察到缺氧类型,训练状态,干预持续时间或性别对聚合的SMD有重大影响.
结论:
- 在低氧条件下进行的HIIT在远距离跑步者中产生了优越的VO2max适应,而不是在正常条件下.
- 耐力运动员和教练可以利用缺氧HIIT来提高表现.
- 需要对女性运动员,各种HIIT协议和不同自然高度进行进一步的研究.
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