临床遗传学中LGBTQ+个体的患者护理实践:范围审查
Kimberly Zayhowski1,2, Kayla Horowitz3, Molly Bostrom4
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Journal of genetic counseling
|May 2, 2025
概括
遗传医疗保健提供者需要更好的培训,以解决LGBTQ+患者的需求和减少健康不平等. 包容性实践和标准化数据收集对于公平,以患者为中心的LGBTQ+个人遗传服务至关重要.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和医疗保健 公平 公平
- 在LGBTQ+健康差异中.
背景情况:
- 女同性恋,男同性恋,双性恋,跨性别,酷尔/质疑 (LGBTQ+) 个人面临系统性的医疗保健障碍和不平等.
- 遗传提供者需要更好的理解和包容性实践,以满足LGBTQ+患者的需求.
研究的目的:
- 绘制基因护理实践当前的格局及其对LGBTQ+个体的包容性.
- 确定改善LGBTQ+社区遗传服务的挑战和机会.
主要方法:
- 在奥维德的MEDLINE,PsycINFO和科学网上进行系统的文献搜索.
- 对65篇特定的文章进行主题分析,重点关注LGBTQ+患者在遗传医疗保健中的经验.
主要成果:
- 确定的主题包括排斥性环境,提供者偏见/教育差距以及患者报告的访问障碍.
- 突出需要包容性语言,标准化数据收集 (性别,性别,性取向) 和专业培训.
- 对跨性别和性别多样性个体的癌症护理需要更多关于性别肯定护理对风险评估影响的数据.
结论:
- 由于医疗不信任,歧视恐惧和有限的家族病史披露,LGBTQ+患者在遗传服务方面面临重大障碍.
- 呼吁进行标准化数据收集,专门提供者培训,政策变化和进一步研究,以促进公平的遗传护理.
- 强调需要以患者为中心的基因服务,以适应LGBTQ+社区的独特需求.
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