工作门票计划在支持残疾成年人就业方面的有效性
Pei-Shu Ho1, Joshua C Chang1, Rebecca A Parks1
1Epidemiology and Biostatistics Section, Rehabilitation Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Mark O. Hatfield Clinical Research Center, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Suite 856, MSC 5493, Bethesda, MD 20892-5493, USA.
概括
"工作门票"计划帮助残疾受益者找到工作,从而获得财务独立. 参与是有效的,并受到个人,健康和环境因素的影响.
科学领域:
- 社会老年学 社会老年学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 恢复工作为残疾人提供了财务独立和社会贡献.
- 美国社会保障局的"工作门票" (TTW) 计划旨在支持残疾受益者获得有薪工作.
- 确定从TTW服务中获益最多的受益者是SSA的一个持续目标.
研究的目的:
- 确定影响参与"工作门票" (TTW) 计划的因素.
- 评估TTW参与对终止残疾福利的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项使用社会保障管理局 (SSA) 行政数据的队列研究.
- 从2016年开始,包括有身体或精神残留功能能力评估的受益人.
- 应用频率倾向得分匹配和两倍强大的贝叶斯层次模型.
主要成果:
- 两种分析方法的一致结果表明,即使在对混因素进行控制后,TTW参与在促进工作方面的有效性也很高.
- 个人特征 (性别,年龄,教育,种族/族裔),健康状况 (残疾原因,功能限制) 和环境因素 (地区) 显著影响了票票参与.
- 该研究包括172,640名受益者,这些受益者患有常见疾病,包括肌肉骨疾病 (45.04%) 和精神障碍 (29.10%).
结论:
- 结果为识别潜在的TTW参与者和估计社会保障残疾保险 (SSDI) 和补充安全收入 (SSI) 计划的福利节省提供了宝贵的见解.
- 未来的研究应该调查支持服务和访问障碍,以提高TTW计划的成果.
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