相关实验视频
Updated: May 9, 2025

08:57
Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
Published on: August 14, 2018
15.7K
对于Saccharomyces cerevisiae蛋白质的强大的遗传学特征聚类
1Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
PeerJ
|May 2, 2025
概括
在真菌中的基因起源显示出不同的进化时代,特别是与Saccharomycetaceae和Saccharomycetes祖先相关. 分析揭示了与基因年龄相关的蛋白质障碍和类组成的趋势.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 基因的诞生和死亡是基因组进化的基本过程.
- 基因起源可能发生在特定的进化时期,而不是统一地发生.
- 鉴定基因起源点传统上使用共同的祖先或启发式值,这可能是有问题的.
研究的目的:
- 应用一种替代方法来识别基因起源时代.
- 调查真菌进化中的基因起源的时代趋势.
- 检查基因年龄,序列特征和功能模式之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 运用了植物遗传特征集群来分析800多种真菌物种的基因存在/缺失.
- 分析的重点是芽的酵母菌Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- 比较了家族遗传特征,以确定基因发生和起源的模式.
主要成果:
- 确定了与Saccharomycetaceae,Saccharomycetes和早期真菌系的最后共同祖先相关的明确基因起源时代.
- 观察到基因集群的功能关联,包括子形成和染色体分离.
- 检测到与基因年龄相关的内在障碍,类组成和基因独特性趋势.
结论:
- 遗传学资料聚类为研究基因起源时代提供了一种可靠的方法,独立于数据质量.
- 在整个进化过程中,以S. cerevisiae为中心,具有类域的新蛋白质始终出现.
- 最近形成的基因不太可能是单复制的,内在障碍在早期时代的蛋白质中更为普遍.
相关概念视频
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.6K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.6K
Phylogenetic Trees
44.7K
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
44.7K
Phylogeny
43.3K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
43.3K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.0K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.0K
Ribosome Profiling
3.4K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.4K
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
11.9K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
11.9K

