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利基变化和飞行适应性之间的动态相互作用推动了标志性的蕾丝翼在一亿年的分散

Haohong Ou¹, Jingtao Yang¹, Honglong Wang¹

¹School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|May 2, 2025

概括

珠珠的蕾丝翅膀显示了超过1.7亿年的动态利基转移和飞行适应,揭示了对全球环境变化的适应性进化.

科学领域:

动物学动物学
进化生物学进化生物学
古生物学的古生物学

背景情况:

动物生物地理是生物体与环境相互作用的结果,包括进化和环境变化.
作为早期飞行者,昆虫是研究历史生物地理和适应的绝佳模型.
珠珠蕾丝翅膀表现出独特的生物地理模式,与典型的度多样性梯度不同.

研究的目的:

研究珠珠蕾丝翅的历史生物地理和适应性进化.
探索推动它们在地质时间上的分布模式的过程.
了解它们的利基变异,飞行适应和全球气候变化之间的相互作用.

主要方法:

生态利基建模以评估利基变化和扩张.
分析翅膀形态和飞行空气动力学,以评估飞行效率.
检查化石记录以重建历史分布.
遗传学分析,以了解利基化的保守主义与不稳定性.

主要成果:

珠珠的蕾丝翅膀显示了与气候变化相关的利基变化和扩张.
飞行效率的持续提高在他们的整个历史中都被观察到.
在适应性战略中发现了古世的分歧.
利基进化表明了原始遗传学保守主义和进化不稳定性的模式.

结论:

珠珠的蕾丝翅膀通过动态的利基转移和飞行适应来证明了1.7亿年的适应性进化.
它们的进化历史与对不断变化的星球的反应密切相关.
飞行效率的提高和利基的变化揭示了长期的适应性策略.

关键词:

生物地质学生物地质学气候变化气候变化气候变化时间深度,时间深度.飞行空气动力学的飞行.利基进化利基进化利基进化

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Speciation Rates

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What is Natural Selection?

What is Natural Selection?

Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).

Genetic Drift

Genetic Drift

Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.

Frequency-dependent Selection

Frequency-dependent Selection

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