在棉花中进行基因间杂交后的中间体大小减小和染色质状态动态
Jinlei Han1, Guanjing Hu2,3, Yan Dai1
1School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
PLoS genetics
|May 2, 2025
概括
杂交后,在新的棉花基因组中,中间体大小会减少. 表观遗传变化,包括基因组修饰和染色质结构,影响着全聚类体中的中心粒稳定性和进化.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 染色体生物学 染色体生物学
背景情况:
- 中介质对于染色体分离至关重要,但其调节和进化尚未完全理解.
- 在跨物种杂交物种和全聚类物种中研究中心分子动力学,为基因组进化提供了洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查Gossypium anomalum (Ga) 中的表观遗传变化,将中心体转移到Gossypium hirsutum (Gh) 中.
- 了解组织蛋白修饰和染色质结构在杂交后的中心粒稳定性和进化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 来自二倍体Ga和四倍体Gh的中间体的比较分析.
- 质子修饰分析 (10分) 和CENH3结合域分析.
- 染色体可访问性测试,DNA图案分析,以及3D基因组结构的Hi-C.
主要成果:
- 在 Gh 背景中,Ga 中心分子的尺寸始终减小.
- 在 Ga 中心体和周心体区域中观察到活性和抑制性基因素标记的升高,特别是 H3K36me2.
- 确定了增强的染色体可访问性,非B形DNA动机和重组的3D染色体架构,包括与H3K36me2相关的新TAD.
结论:
- 表观遗传机制,特别是像H3K36me2这样的基因组修饰,在基因间杂交和全聚化后的中间体组成和组织中发挥着重要作用.
- 这些发现提供了关于植物中心体进化及其表观遗传和功能影响的见解.
相关概念视频
Condensins
3.2K
Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
3.2K
Heterochromatin
9.1K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
9.1K
Cohesins
4.2K
Cohesin protein complexes are a molecular glue that holds two sister chromatids together. They play an important role both in mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, all cohesin complexes present on the chromosomes are removed before the start of the anaphase stage.
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of...
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of...
4.2K
Polytene Chromosomes
9.9K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
9.9K
Histone Variants at the Centromere
4.3K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
4.3K
Crossing Over
142.9K
Unlike mitosis, meiosis aims for genetic diversity in its creation of haploid gametes. Dividing germ cells first begin this process in prophase I, where each chromosome—replicated in S phase—is now composed of two sister chromatids (identical copies) joined centrally.
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process...
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process...
142.9K


