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之前感染过SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种者的潜在健康偏见:一个队列研究

Uwe Riedmann¹, Alena Chalupka², Lukas Richter³

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

The Journal of infection

|May 2, 2025

概括

针对SARS-CoV-2疫苗的健康疫苗效应 (HVE) 在接种疫苗后的早期很强,显著降低了非COVID-19死亡率. 这种影响随着时间的推移而减弱,在估计疫苗有效性 (VE) 时应考虑.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

观察性研究可能会错误估计SARS-CoV-2疫苗的有效性 (VE) 由于健康个体的优先接种疫苗 (健康疫苗效应,HVE).
HVE可能导致对真正的VE的高估或低估.
了解HVE对于准确的VE评估至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估HVE对SARS-CoV-2 VE的影响.
为了比较接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的个人之间的非COVID-19死亡率.

主要方法:

在奥地利 (2021-2023) 进行了全国性的回顾性观察性研究,对先前感染过SARS-CoV-2的成年人群进行了研究.
考克斯回归分析以计算基于疫苗接种状态的非COVID-19死亡率的危险比率 (HR).
匹配分析比较新接种疫苗的人与未接种疫苗的对照人.

主要成果:

接种疫苗和未接种疫苗之间的非COVID-19死亡风险差异在接种疫苗后的早期是最明显的,随着时间的推移而减少.
匹配分析显示,在最初两周内,接种疫苗的人与未接种疫苗的人的HRs小于0.5,这表明HVE.
对于全因和癌症死亡率观察到类似的结果;COVID-19死亡人数显著减少.

结论:

在SARS-CoV-2疫苗中观察到强烈的健康疫苗效应 (HVE),特别是在疫苗接种后的早期.
HVE随着时间的推移而减弱.
在计算和解释SARS-CoV-2 VE估计时,必须考虑HVE.

关键词:

在 COVID-19 疫情中,有健康疫苗偏见的人.健康疫苗效应的健康疫苗效应死亡率死亡率死亡率国家国家国家国家国家.这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.

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