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相关概念视频

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

3.7K
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
3.7K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview

3.2K
Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
3.2K
meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H01:13

meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H

5.3K
All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for...
5.3K
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

4.0K
Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
4.0K
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

2.7K
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
2.7K
Nitriles to Ketones: Grignard Reaction00:57

Nitriles to Ketones: Grignard Reaction

3.8K
Organomagnesium halides, commonly known as Grignard reagents, convert nitriles to ketones and proceed through a nucleophilic acyl substitution. Nitriles react with a Grignard reagent, followed by an aqueous acid, to yield ketones. The reaction introduces a new carbon–carbon bond. The alkyl–magnesium bond in the Grignard reagent is highly polar, so the alkyl carbon develops a carbanionic character and acts as a nucleophile.
The mechanism begins with a nucleophilic attack by the Grignard...
3.8K

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 23, 2025

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
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The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

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用低价值的二激活.

Michael Morasch1, Timothy Vilpas1, Neha Patel1

  • 1Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
|May 3, 2025
PubMed
概括

合成了新的土金属复合物,其中包含了二二离子. 这些复合物作为强效的,可溶于碳化合物的还原剂,为化学还原提供了一条新的途径.

关键词:
是一种在 DFT 方面,它是最重要的.低价值的低价值的价值.活性化的活性化是的组成部分.

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Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes
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科学领域:

  • 无机化学 无机化学 有机化学
  • 有机金属化学 有机金属化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 土金属 (Ae) 复合物,特别是那些含有β-二甲基酸 (BDI) 连接体的复合物,已经显示出具有独特的结合和反应能力的潜力.
  • 小分子如二 (N2) 的直接固定和稳定由土金属带来了重大的合成挑战.
  • 之前的研究表明,较重的土金属 (Ca,Sr,Ba) 可以形成较弱的金属-金属键,这表明进一步反应的可能性.

研究的目的:

  • 探索能够进行N2固定的土金属复合物的合成和表征.
  • 研究含有新型N2土金属化合物的结合模式和电子结构.
  • 评估这些新复合物作为强降解剂的降解能力和潜在应用.

主要方法:

  • 密度函数理论 (DFT) 的计算被用来预测土金属复合物的稳定性和特性.
  • 使用涉及复合体和的异金属合成来实现N2固定.
  • 使用X射线晶体学来确定合成化合物的精确结构,包括结合相互作用.

主要成果:

  • 新型异金属复合物 (DIPeP,NN,Sr,K,N) 和类似的模拟物,已成功合成和表征.
  • 结构分析显示了一种二二离子 (N22-) 桥接土金属中心,并与协调.
  • 这些复合物表现出显著的还原力,易于与和发生反应,并显示出作为强烈的,可溶于碳化合物的还原剂的潜力.

结论:

  • 土金属二化合物的成功合成为小分子激活和协调化学开辟了新的途径.
  • 描述的复合物表现出独特的离子结合特征,并作为以前难以接近的性土金属金属结合物种的前体.
  • 这些化合物代表了有机合成和材料科学应用的高反应性还原剂的有前途类别.