猪卵细胞中与核细胞活动相关的染色质和表观遗传标记的3D组织和空间定位
Merle Fenner1, Michal Benc2, Alexandra Rosenbaum Bartkova2,3
1Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department for Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section Pathobiological Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Biology of reproduction
|May 3, 2025
概括
猪的卵细胞质量和发育潜力与染色体组织和核细胞活性有关. 特定的3D染色体变化和异性染色体定位表明卵细胞成熟,并预测成功的胚胎发育.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 大规模的染色质修饰和核细胞转录沉默对于卵细胞成熟和小鼠胚胎发育至关重要.
- 了解猪中的这些过程对于改善辅助生殖技术至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查核细胞活动,3D染色体组织和猪卵细胞中的异染色体局部化之间的相互联系.
- 确定这些因素是否可以表明卵细胞质量和预测发育能力.
主要方法:
- 猪卵细胞的分类使用闪亮的蓝色 (BCB) 染色 (BCB+用于完全成长,BCB-用于成长).
- 使用3D免疫光对核细胞活性和异色染色体标记物的分析.
- 3D-DNA-FISH用于异染色素序列和传输电子显微镜 (TEM).
主要成果:
- TEM证实了BCB+和BCB-卵细胞之间的超结构差异,验证了BCB染色用于能力评估.
- 核细胞活性仅在非包围核细胞 (NSN) 卵细胞中观察到,主要是在BCB-组.
- 在更成熟的卵细胞中观察到显著的3D染色质重组和在核周围的异性染色质聚类 (SN构造).
结论:
- 核细胞转录沉默和猪卵细胞中特定的3D染色体组织模式之间存在明显的联系.
- 异染色素局部的变化意味着卵细胞生长阶段的完成.
- 这些表观遗传和组织变化预测了对卵细胞成熟和随后胚胎发育的更高能力.
相关概念视频
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression
23.1K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area.
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
23.1K
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
6.1K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.1K
Euchromatin
6.7K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
6.7K
The Nucleolus
8.6K
The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
8.6K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
6.8K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
6.8K
Heterochromatin
9.0K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
9.0K


