为什么非身份不是问题:帕尔菲特人为拒绝提供辅助生殖技术的临床医生辩护
1Children's Bioethics Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
The Journal of medicine and philosophy
|May 4, 2025
概括
在辅助生殖技术 (ART) 提供中,未来儿童的福利是重要的. 这项研究重新解释了"非身份"问题,认为否认ART有时在道德上是合理的,挑战了先前的假设.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 生殖伦理学 生殖伦理学
- 医学哲学 医学哲学
背景情况:
- 当前的生殖权利文献往往忽略了在辅助生殖技术 (ART) 提供中未来的儿童福利.
- 这种驳斥往往是基于对哲学"非身份"问题的狭解释.
- "非身份"问题表明,未来的个体对出生具有至关重要的兴趣,无论他们的生活质量如何.
研究的目的:
- 挑战公认的论点,即儿童福利在ART规定中无关紧要.
- 提出一个更全面的解释"非身份"的问题,支持考虑儿童福利.
- 在特定情况下,为推迟或拒绝ART的道德辩护制定道德论据.
主要方法:
- 对"非身份"问题的哲学分析及其对生殖伦理的应用.
- 制定帕菲特式的论点来证明临床医生拒绝ART的理由.
- 批评"影响人"危害原则在生殖环境中的选择性应用.
主要成果:
- 该论文认为,对"非身份"问题的更广泛理解支持了儿童福利在ART中的相关性.
- 提出了四个帕菲特式的论点,展示了否认ART在道德上是合理的情况.
- 这项研究驳斥了这样一种观点,即未来孩子的唯一兴趣仅仅是出生.
结论:
- 根据对"非身份"问题的强有力的解释,在ART提供中忽视儿童福利方面的担忧在伦理上是有问题的.
- 临床医生拒绝ART治疗在某些情况下可以在道德上得到辩护,与"非身份"问题范式保持一致.
- 这项工作倡导在ART决策中建立一个更细致的伦理框架,将未来儿童的福利纳入其中.
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