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近红外光免疫疗法:基础知识和临床应用

Ryuhei Okada¹, Takahiro Asakage¹

¹Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Japanese journal of clinical oncology

|May 4, 2025

概括

近红外光免疫疗法 (NIR-PIT) 使用光激活的抗体-光吸收结合物诱导癌细胞死亡并可能增强免疫反应. 临床试验正在探索其使用,特别是在头癌和组合疗法中.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
光动力学疗法光动力学疗法

背景情况:

抗体-药物联合体 (ADCs) 提供向的癌细胞杀死,但缺乏空间选择性.
近红外光免疫疗法 (NIR-PIT) 使用由特定光波长激活的抗体-光吸收器结合体 (APC).
光吸收器IRDye700DX (IR700) 在光激活时变得疏水,导致APC-目标复合体聚合和细胞溶解.

研究的目的:

审查NIR-PIT的基本原理,包括其行动机制.
讨论翻译研究成果和NIR-PIT的当前临床应用.
要突出正在进行的临床试验评估NIR-PIT,特别是头癌 (HNCs) 和与免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 结合使用.

主要方法:

使用抗体-光吸收结合物 (APCs) 结合到细胞.
应用特定波长的光 (~690nm) 来激活光吸收器 (IR700).
通过光诱导的细胞溶解和瘤抗原的释放诱导免疫细胞死亡 (ICD).

主要成果:

在临床试验中,NIR-PIT已证明对不可切除的头癌 (HNCs) 的疗效.
常见的不良事件包括疼痛和局部,并采取管理策略.
NIR-PIT诱导免疫细胞死亡 (ICD),释放新抗原和DAMP,可能增强抗瘤免疫力.

结论:

NIR-PIT是一种有前途的癌症治疗方法,在日本已在HNCs中得到确立的临床应用.
由于ICD诱导,将NIR-PIT与免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 结合起来是一个合理的策略.
目前正在进行的试验正在调查NIR-PIT及其组合的疗效,以进一步优化癌症治疗.

关键词:

亚类 (alluminox) 是一种含的物质.在IR700上,IR700是什么意思?抗体药物合物抗体药物合物头部和部癌症头部和部癌症光动力学疗法是一种光动力学疗法.

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