对运动干预对自闭症谱系障碍儿童认知,沟通和社交互动的影响的系统审查和元分析
Marcelo R Rosales1, Christiana Dodd Butera2, Rujuta B Wilson3
1School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Physical & occupational therapy in pediatrics
|May 4, 2025
概括
运动干预显著改善自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 儿童的社会和沟通技能. 积极影响在社会和综合社会/沟通领域最为明显,这表明运动活动对ASD干预有益.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,其特点是社会互动,沟通和重复行为方面的挑战.
- 早期和有效的干预对于改善ASD患者的结果至关重要.
- 在患有自闭症儿童中经常观察到运动技能缺陷,它们对其他发育领域的影响是积极研究的领域.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析运动干预措施对0-21岁自闭症患者的社会,沟通和认知技能的影响.
- 评估ASD儿童在不同发育领域的运动干预措施的有效性.
主要方法:
- 进行了随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 在七个数据库中进行了搜索,搜索涉及ASD儿童运动干预的RCT,测量社会,沟通和认知结果.
- 23个RCT,包括66个结局和636名参与者 (平均年龄范围:4.312.3岁),被选中进行分析.
主要成果:
- 运动干预措施对社会,沟通和认知结合结果产生了显著的积极影响 (SSMD:0.41,p = .01).
- 具体而言,在社会领域 (SSMD:0.46,p = .012) 和综合社会/通信领域 (SSMD:0.47,p = .01) 观察到积极影响.
- 对于单独的运动领域 (SSMD:0.45,p = .25) 或单独的认知领域 (SSMD:0.22,p = .18) 没有发现显著的影响. 效果随着年龄的增长而下降,特别是在9岁以上的儿童中.
结论:
- 运动干预措施对患有自闭症儿童的关键发育领域产生积极影响.
- 这些发现支持将运动干预措施纳入ASD患者的综合干预计划.
- 该研究强调了考虑基于运动的方法的重要性,以提高这一群体的社会和沟通技能.
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