洞察森林结构动态与生态系统服务的联系
T V Ramachandra1,2,3, Paras Negi4,5, Tulika Mondal4,5
1Energy & Wetlands Research Group and IISc-EIACP, Centre for Ecological Sciences [CES], Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. tvr@iisc.ac.in.
Scientific reports
|May 4, 2025
概括
戈阿的森林覆盖面已经减少,影响了生态系统服务和增加土地退化. 这项研究强调了战略性自然资源管理的必要性,以保护这一生物多样性热点.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 脆弱的生态系统,如西部高原面临着土地退化和森林砍伐,损害了重要的生态系统服务.
- 森林覆盖面和结构的变化对于理解和缓解土地退化至关重要.
- 戈阿是中西部加特山脉的生物多样性热点,需要对其森林生态系统动态进行评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估戈阿州森林生态系统的范围和状况.
- 分析土地使用动态并预测未来的土地使用变化.
- 评估碳捕获潜力和生态系统供应总价值 (TESV),并优先考虑生态敏感地区 (ESR).
主要方法:
- 使用随机森林机器学习算法对土地使用动态进行监督的等级分类.
- 基于CA-马尔科夫的分析层次过程 (AHP) 用于预测土地使用变化.
- InVEST模型用于评估碳捕获和计算TESV.
主要成果:
- 由于市场力量,戈阿的森林覆盖率在1990年代后下降了3.75%.
- 常青森林覆盖面预计将减少10.98%.
- 森林储存了56131.16亿克的碳 (价值373.47亿印度币 / 449亿美元),每年提供481.76亿印度币的TESV.
- 该地区54.41%的地区被确定为高度敏感 (ESR1和ESR2).
结论:
- 全球化带来的土地利用变化导致戈阿的森林覆盖面大幅减少.
- 需要采取紧急,特定于地点的缓解措施,以阻止土地退化和保护生态系统服务.
- 优先考虑生态敏感地区对于有效的自然资源管理和发展绿色GDP至关重要.
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