移民劳动条件和健康状况 - - 一项关于无证和新合法化工人"脏工作"的纵向研究
Mariya Lenko1, Jan-Erik Refle2,3, Claudine Burton-Jeangros2,3,4
1Department of Sociology and Social Research, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
概括
在体力苛刻的工作中,移徙工人自我评估的健康状况较差. 这项研究量化了直接负面影响的数量.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 卫生社会学 卫生社会学
- 移民研究 移民研究
背景情况:
- 无证和新合法化的移民经常面临不稳定的就业,被称为"脏工作",其特点是低工资,长时间工作和健康风险.
- 现有的研究强调了"脏工作"的潜在健康风险,但对其对这一群体的直接影响的定量证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查"脏工作"对无证移民和新合法化移民的自我健康评价的影响.
- 提供关于劳动条件对移民健康的直接和间接影响的经验定量证据.
主要方法:
- 在瑞士日内瓦,在一次特殊的规范化程序中,利用了来自四个调查波的纵向数据集.
- 采用随机效应和固定效应模型来分析工作条件和自我评估健康之间的关系.
- 操作化"脏工作",以评估对体力苛刻的工作的暴露.
主要成果:
- 暴露于体力苛刻的工作 ("脏的工作") 对移民的自我评估健康有直接的负面影响.
- 这种负面的健康影响无论慢性健康状况的发展如何,都会持续下去.
- 证实了职业风险和健康结果之间的显著关系,以居住身份为媒介.
结论:
- 身体苛刻的工作条件直接损害了无证移民和新合法化移民的自我评估健康.
- 居住状态是影响职业风险对健康影响的关键因素.
- 强调需要采取干预措施,解决移民健康的劳动条件和法律地位问题.
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