三种功能性健身训练设计的急性效应,对未经验和经验丰富的运动员产生均等负载
Alejandro Oliver-López1,2, Adrián García-Valverde3, Rafael Sabido1
1Sport Research Center, University Miguel Hernández, Elche, Comunidad Valenciana, Spain.
PeerJ
|May 5, 2025
概括
功能健身训练 (FFT) 根据经验对运动员产生不同的影响. 对于时间 (FT) 的炼会比尽可能多的重复 (AMRAP) 或每分钟每分钟 (EMOM) 电路引起更多的疲劳.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 功能健身培训 功能健身培训
背景情况:
- 功能健身训练 (FFT) 通常使用三种电路类型:尽可能多的重复 (AMRAP),时间 (FT) 和每分钟每分钟 (EMOM).
- 了解这些独特的训练模式的直接生理和性能影响对于优化运动员发展至关重要.
- 这项研究调查了炼类型和运动员经验如何影响FFT中对匹配训练负载的急性反应.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较AMRAP,FT和EMOM训练方案对功能健身运动员生理和性能标志物的直接影响.
- 检查不同程度的经验 (没有经验与有经验) 如何调节对这些不同FFT模式的急性反应.
- 提供关于常见FFT电路结构引起的神经肌肉疲劳和生理压力的见解.
主要方法:
- 根据24个月的培训,有至少三个月FT经验的25名健康成年人被分为没有经验的 (IG) 和经验丰富的 (EG) 组.
- 参与者完成了三个匹配负载炼 (AMRAP,FT,EMOM),分别有三天的休息时间.
- 测量包括感知劳动力 (RPE),乳酸度 (LAC),反运动跳跃 (CMJ) 高度,心率 (HR) 和心率变化 (HRV) 的评级,使用ANOVA和后期测试进行分析.
主要成果:
- 炼类型显著影响了表现和生理反应,AMRAP显示了体验水平之间的差异 (p=0.044).
- 对于时间 (FT) 与EMOM相比,引起更高的乳酸盐水平 (p<0.001) 和感知到的劳动力,导致疲劳最小.
- 在AMRAP和FT之后,反运动跳跃的表现下降了,但EMOM没有. 心率波动的变化受到炼类型和经验的影响,经验不丰富的运动员在AMRAP和FT后表现出更大的减少.
结论:
- 与AMRAP和EMOM相比,时间 (FT) 训练会引起更大的生理压力和神经肌肉疲劳,特别是在经验较少的运动员中.
- 每分钟每分钟 (EMOM) 似乎是一个不那么累人的模式,特别是对于经验丰富的运动员来说.
- 根据运动员的经验和所需的训练结果来个性化FT程序设计对于优化性能和恢复至关重要.
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