身体质量指数与近视之间的关联:NHANES和门德尔随机化的结果
Wang-Yang Bai1, He-Wei Zhang2, Xiao-Fei Ye2
1School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Ophthalmic epidemiology
|May 5, 2025
概括
在观察性研究中,肥胖与更高的近视风险有关,特别是在男性和教育程度较低的人群中. 然而,遗传证据并不支持这种关联,表明复杂的相互作用.
科学领域:
- 眼科和公共卫生.
背景情况:
- 关于身体质量指数 (BMI) 和近视之间的关联,存在相互矛盾的证据.
- 了解这种关系对于公共卫生倡议和近视预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过观察和遗传证据,研究身体质量指数 (BMI) 和近视之间的关联.
- 在BMI-近视关系中探索潜在的改变因素,如性别和教育水平.
主要方法:
- 从国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 中对5,710名参与者 (12-25岁) 的观察分析.
- 统计方法包括加权后勤回归,限制立方线 (RCS) 和分层分析.
- 使用全基因组协会研究 (GWAS) 总结统计数据的双样本孟德尔随机化 (MR) 被采用.
主要成果:
- 在观察性研究中,肥胖与近视 (OR=1.253) 和轻度至中度近视 (OR=1.305) 的更高风险有关.
- 观察到BMI和折射力球形等效 (β=-0.016) 之间的线性关系.
- 关联因性别和教育水平而异,在男性和较低教育水平的子组中具有意义;MR分析没有发现有意义的关联.
结论:
- 体重指数和近视风险之间的关联是复杂的,并且在观察数据中似乎受到性别和教育水平的影响.
- 来自MR研究的遗传证据不支持肥胖与近视或折射误差之间的因果关系.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明所观察到的观测关联背后的机制.
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