亲子互动对3岁和4岁儿童语言发展的因果关系
Mary E Brushe1,2, Murthy N Mittinty3, Tess Gregory1,2
1The Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
概括
亲子互动因果关系支持早期语言发展. 从婴儿期开始增加这些互动,会使没有语言障碍的儿童在36个月和48个月时获得更好的语言结果.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 早期的语言发展对于孩子未来的成功至关重要.
- 理论上说,父母与孩子的互动促进了语言的学习.
- 对于亲子互动对语言发展的影响,存在有限的因果关系证据.
研究的目的:
- 调查父母与孩子互动对儿童语言发展的持续的因果影响.
- 分析36个月和48个月的语言发展与早期交互模式的关系.
- 为了解决这个领域缺乏长期的因果关系证据的问题.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自"小孩语言"澳大利亚前性出生队列研究 (n=296) 的数据.
- 采用边际结构模型和治疗重量的逆概率来模拟随机对照试验.
- 考虑了时间变化的风险和混因素.
主要成果:
- 在没有语言障碍的儿童中,发现了亲子互动 (6-36个月) 对语言发展 (36个月和48个月) 的因果作用.
- 48个月后的语言分数随着父母与孩子互动的百分比较高而增加.
- 具体来说,分数从97.21 (第五百分比) 增加到111.41 (第95百分比).
结论:
- 父母和孩子之间的互动提供了一个可行的机制来支持早期语言发展.
- 这些发现支持持续的,普遍的预防努力,重点是父母与孩子的互动.
- 执业人员应强调与婴儿的互动,以提高后来的语言成果.
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