微型和纳米塑料暴露对巨细胞的影响:对分子和细胞机制的审查
Parisa Ahmadi1,2, David Doyle3,4, Negin Mojarad3
1Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Toxicology mechanisms and methods
|May 5, 2025
概括
微型和纳米塑料 (MNP) 通过激活巨细胞,触发免疫反应,导致炎症和细胞损伤. 这种暴露与各种健康问题有关,包括代谢综合征和自身免疫.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 微塑料和纳米塑料 (MNP) 是水,土壤,空气和食物链中广泛存在的环境污染物.
- 巨细胞是关键的免疫细胞,通过细胞分裂与MNP相互作用,启动炎症反应.
研究的目的:
- 审查巨细胞内化MNP的机制.
- 阐明MNP暴露对巨细胞功能和细胞健康的影响.
- 突出MNP诱导的免疫毒性和心脏代谢疾病之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 对MNP与巨细胞相互作用的现有文献的综述.
- 对参与MNP吸收和反应的细胞通路的分析.
- 检查MNP对免疫细胞两极分化和细胞因子分泌的影响.
主要成果:
- 巨细胞的MNP内部化导致M1极化,炎症性细胞因子分泌量增加 (IL-1,IL-18,IL-12,TNF-α,IFN-γ) 和细胞损伤 (线粒体,溶解体).
- MNPs诱导氧化应激,反应性氧物种 (ROS) 生产,以及细胞死亡途径 (亡,亡,转移).
- 暴露于MNP会改变巨细胞受体表达,并导致肠道失调,炎症和代谢功能障碍.
结论:
- 暴露于MNP会通过巨细胞激活和炎症引发显著的免疫毒性.
- 这种免疫毒性与自身免疫,肥胖和动脉样硬化等不良健康结果有关.
- 了解MNP-巨细胞相互作用对于解决它们对健康和环境的影响至关重要.
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