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风能成本允许美国对受监管的蝙蝠采取合规行动

Christian Newman¹, Katie C Surrey¹

¹Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California94304, United States of America.

|May 5, 2025

概括

风能公司在"危物种法" (ESA) 合规方面面临巨大的成本,其中一个息地保护计划 (HCP) 的中位数约为468万美元. 这项研究提供了一个模型,用于估计风力项目影响受保护蝙蝠物种的这些费用.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
野生动物保护野生动物保护
可再生能源政策可再生能源政策

背景情况:

北美风能扩张引发了对临灭绝的蝙蝠种群的担忧,特别是那些受到白鼻综合征的影响.
预计的风力容量增长与几个受保护的蝙蝠物种的息地相交,需要遵守法规.
风能运营商遵守危物种法 (ESA) 的要求,需要提交息地保护计划 (HCP) 和偶然获取许可证 (ITP).

研究的目的:

分析风能项目与危物种法 (ESA) 合规相关的成本.
为了解决关于ESA合规对风能行业财务影响的数据缺乏问题.
开发一个模型来估计风能运营商未来的ESA合规成本.

主要方法:

分析了25个公开可用的,项目特定的到2022年发布的息地保护计划 (HCP).
计算HCP实施的总成本中位数,包括补偿缓解和死亡监测.
开发一个一般的线性模型来估计项目特定的ESA合规成本.

主要成果:

医疗保健专家的中位数总成本被确定为大约468万美元.
观察到显著的成本差异,补偿性缓解成本中位数为164万美元,死亡监测成本为315万美元.
创建了一个通用线性模型,以根据已识别的变量估计潜在的项目特定成本.

结论:

对风能行业来说,ESA合规意味着一个巨大的财务承担,HCP的成本高达数百万美元.
了解成本变量对于准确的未来成本估计和鼓励自愿遵守至关重要.
这项研究提供了对ESA合规财务情景的有价值的见解,有助于行业和监管机构.

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