疫苗接种率的公开沟通是否应该假定合理性,规范性或合理性? 来自三项预注册实验的见解
Aleksandra Lazić1, Iris Žeželj1
1University of Belgrade - Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade, Serbia.
Psychological reports
|May 5, 2025
概括
关于疫苗接种的公共卫生信息应该强调社区的高接种率,因为这会鼓励更多的人接种疫苗. 这种方法比强调低疫苗接种率或仅关注个人利益更有效.
科学领域:
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 公共卫生传播 公共卫生传播
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 接种疫苗的决定受到社区接种疫苗率的影响.
- 两个相互竞争的理论预测疫苗接种率如何影响个人意图:自私的理性与描述性规范.
研究的目的:
- 调查传播疫苗接种率如何影响疫苗接种意图.
- 在公共卫生信息中强调高与低的疫苗接种率的有效性进行比较.
- 探索接种疫苗和不接种疫苗决策的潜在动机.
主要方法:
- 进行了三个预先注册的在线实验 (N=75,174,217) 和一个大规模实验 (N=1060).
- 参与者接触到不同的疫苗接种率信息和消息策略.
- 测量了接种疫苗的意图,决策的理由和感知规范的相关性.
主要成果:
- 报告高疫苗接种率 (90%) 显著增加了疫苗接种意图,而低率 (10%) 没有.
- 参与者将自我保护,他人保护和集体福祉列为接种疫苗的理由.
- 当疫苗接种覆盖率低于最佳时,自我利益信息比其他或集体利益信息更有效.
结论:
- 公共卫生信息应该通过突出高疫苗接种率来利用描述性规范.
- 消息应该考虑一个务实的方法,包括个人利益和集体利益的呼吁.
- 有效的沟通策略是情境敏感的,超越了纯粹的理性或规范性.
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