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Updated: May 9, 2025

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哺乳动物转基因表达的电磁无线遥控器

Zhihua Lin¹, Preetam Guha Ray¹, Jinbo Huang¹

¹Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.

Nature nanotechnology

|May 5, 2025

概括

科学家们开发了一种纳米粒子-细胞接口,用于使用磁场无线控制基因表达. 这项技术使得生物医学应用 (如糖尿病管理) 的安全,外部控制的转基因调节成为可能.

科学领域:

生物医学工程生物医学工程
分子生物学分子生物学
纳米技术纳米技术

背景情况:

与生物系统的无线通信对于医学监测和基因/细胞疗法至关重要.
目前的方法在侵入性最小的应用中面临局限性.
开发高效的接口用于外部控制细胞功能是必不可少的.

研究的目的:

创建一个纳米粒子-细胞接口,用于无线控制转基因表达.
为了使无线表达调节 (EMPOWER) 的电磁编程使用细胞反应性氧物种 (ROS).
在疾病模型中展示 EMPOWER 的概念验证.

主要方法:

使用涂上素的多铁子纳米粒子在暴露于低频磁场后在细胞内产生ROS.
采用了对ROS敏感的KEAP1/NRF2生物传感器来检测生成的ROS.
将生物传感器重新连接到合成ROS响应性促进剂,以驱动转基因表达.
在酸盐微囊细胞内开发了一种EMPOWER控制的胰岛素表达系统.

主要成果:

证明,在对1kHz磁场的反应中,桑涂层的纳米粒子在生物安全水平上产生ROS.
通过生物传感器和合成促进剂成功将ROS生成与转基因表达联系起来.
在使用EMPOWER控制胰岛素输送的1型糖尿病小鼠模型中展示了正常化的血糖水平.
在体内验证了无线,外部控制的基因表达调节.

结论:

纳米粒子-细胞接口 (EMPOWER) 为无线,外部控制的转基因调节提供了一种新的方法.
这项技术在微创医疗监测和先进的细胞/基因疗法方面具有重大潜力.
EMPOWER为治疗应用中精确的,按需的生物功能控制提供了一个有前途的平台.

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Reporter Genes

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.

In-vitro Mutagenesis

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.