了解离子混合电容器中纳米孔碳的多级电荷存储
Jiaxin Li1, Kangkang Ge2, Anastatios Orestis Grammenos1
1Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|May 6, 2025
概括
具有受控孔径的多孔碳可以提高离子混合电容器 (ZIHC) 的性能. 较小的毛孔增加容量,而较大的毛孔在60万个循环中提高了循环稳定性.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能
背景情况:
- 离子混合电容器 (ZIHC) 提供高功率,但对电荷存储机制,包括质子影响,了解甚少.
- 优化碳材料对于提高ZIHC性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过研究孔径大小在多孔碳中的作用,阐明ZIHC中的电荷储存机制.
- 了解孔隙结构对容量和循环稳定的影响.
- 探索质子储存和硫酸水合物形成对ZIHC性能的影响.
主要方法:
- 合成具有受控孔径但具有相似表面积和化学成分的模型多孔碳.
- 电化学表征,包括静电电荷放电和循环电压测量.
- 电化学石英晶微平衡 (EQCM) 分析以研究现场质量变化.
- 分析硫酸水合物 (ZHS) 的形成及其与孔隙结构的相关性.
主要成果:
- 超微孔和小半孔 (0.86-4纳米) 实现了高容量198mAhg-1 (446Fg-1).
- 较大的介质孔 (4-13纳米) 显著改善了循环稳定性,超过了60万个循环.
- 确定了一种涉及Zn2+,质子和水相互作用的4阶段电荷储存机制,受孔径大小和pH驱动的ZHS沉的影响.
结论:
- 碳中孔径工程是一种可行的策略,可以优化ZIHC性能,平衡能力和寿命.
- 该研究阐明了ZIHCs中复杂的电荷储存机制,突出了离子吸附,水减少和ZHS形成之间的相互作用.
- 控制的孔隙架构可以减轻有害的ZHS沉,提高整体设备的稳定性.
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