在晚年生活中,日常语言和认知功能
Shiyang Zhang1, Zexi Zhou2, Yee To Ng3,4
1Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
概括
诸如代词使用和句子复杂度等语言特征可以预测健康老年人的认知功能. 复杂的语言使用可能标志着更好的认知健康.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
背景情况:
- 语言变化与衰老中的认知衰退有关.
- 研究正在探索与健康老年人执行功能和工作记忆相关的语言特征.
研究的目的:
- 确定特定的语言特征,预测认知健康的老年人认知功能.
主要方法:
- 利用了260名参与者 (65-89岁) 在日常经验和福祉研究 (DEWS) 中的语音录音.
- 通过语言调查和词汇计数 (LIWC) 软件转录了语音并提取了29个语言特征.
- 训练随机森林机器学习模型,根据语言特征预测认知功能.
主要成果:
- 机器学习模型在预测认知功能方面实现了高性能 (精度=0.72,AUC=0.73).
- 关键预测因素包括代名词使用 (第一人称单数与较差的认知相关) 和语言复杂性 (文章,区分词,第一人称复数代名词,与更好的认知相关的单词).
结论:
- 语言模式反映了认知功能,即使在健康的衰老.
- 更复杂的语言使用可能是老年人最佳认知健康的指标,需要进一步研究.
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