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具有三重威胁的抗寄生虫药物:向寄生虫酶,质子动力和宿主细胞介导的杀死
Akanksha M Pandey1, Satish R Malwal1, Mariana Valladares-Delgado2,3
1Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
结核病候选药物SQ109模拟物MeSQ109对具有低宿主细胞毒性的Leishmania寄生虫表现出强烈的活性. 这种药物向寄生虫线粒体和酸体,为治疗莱什曼病提供了一个有前途的新途径.
科学领域:
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 药物发现 药物发现 药物发现
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 莱什曼病仍然是一个重大的全球健康问题,需要新的治疗策略.
- 现有的治疗方法面临挑战,包括耐药性和毒性.
- 结核病候选药物正在被探索用于更广泛的抗寄生虫应用.
研究的目的:
- 评估SQ109及其类似物MeSQ109对Leishmania寄生虫的疗效和作用机制.
- 评估这些化合物的对宿主细胞的毒性.
- 探索向寄生虫线粒体和酸体的潜力,以开发抗寄生虫药物.
主要方法:
- 在SQ109和MeSQ109的体外测试对Leishmania mexicana促进性菌和促进性菌进行了检测.
- 使用巨细胞进行宿主细胞毒性测定.
- 作用机制研究涉及质子动力和细胞内的度.
- 大肠杆菌反向膜囊泡测试以评估pH梯度崩.
主要成果:
- MeSQ109对具有低宿主细胞毒性 (∼61μM) 的细胞内雷什曼亚黄斑菌具有强烈活性 (1.7nM),产生高选择性指数 (∼36,000).
- MeSQ109的目标是寄生虫线粒体,导致质子动力崩,以及酸体,增加细胞内Ca2+.
- 在多种寄生虫物种 (Trypanosoma brucei,T. cruzi,L. donovani,Plasmodium falciparum) 中,观察到pH梯度崩和生长抑制之间存在显著的相关性.
结论:
- MeSQ109是治疗莱什曼病的一种非常有前途的候选药物,具有强大的抗寄生虫活性和有利的安全性.
- 作用机制涉及关键寄生虫器官的破坏,包括线粒体和酸体.
- 降低pH梯度的能力是广泛的抗寄生虫活性的潜在指标,需要进一步研究.
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